Received 15.12.2022
DOI: 10.35556/idr-2023-1(102)38-46
Dental morbidity in children aged 1 to 6 years living in Moscow taking into account age and gender
Davidian O.M., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-8786-4906,
Lukianova E.A., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6440-6662,
Shimkevich E.M., ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5710-0414,
Kelsina E., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1185-1180,
Aleynikov N.G., ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2596-6082,
Voroshnin N., ORCID ID: 0000-0002-1132-2318,
Yakubov M.I., ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3564-3316

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia” (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
Russia, 117198, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6

E-mail address: o.m.davidjan@gmail.com

Summary

Objective. To study the structure of the dental status of children aged 1 to 6 years. To identify gender differences in the rates of dental morbidity in children of early and preschool age.
Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a cross-sectional epidemiological study (cross-sectional studies) was conducted to study the dental morbidity of the Moscow child population aged 1 to 6 years. Clinical research methods were carried out to determine the dental status of the subjects. The received materials were processed statistically using the Statistica software. For statistical analysis of the prevalence of caries depending on age, the 2 criterion was used for contingency tables. To analyze the relationship between the prevalence of caries among boys and girls, Pearson’s 2 test was used with Yates’ correction for continuity. Categorical variables are presented as absolute and relative frequencies.
Results. An analysis of the data obtained as a result of a cross-sectional epidemiological study (cross-sectional studies) of the children’s population of Moscow aged 1 to 6 years showed that the need for oral cavity sanation increases with age, the rate of previously sanitized children in different age periods are changing, there is a decrease in the rate of natural sanation. The prevalence of caries increases as children grow older. A statistically significant dependence of the prevalence of caries on the age group was revealed (2=55.86, df=5, p<0.001).
The prevalence of caries increases as children grow older. A statistically significant dependence of the prevalence of caries on the age group was revealed (2=55.86, df=5, p<0.001).
Absolute and relative (%) caries prevalence rates are higher in girls in all age groups and lower in boys. But statistically significant differences in the prevalence of caries in boys and girls were observed only in the age group of 1 year (2=13.45, df=1, p<0.001) and 6 years (2=4.539, df=1, p<0.05). In the age groups of 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, there was a similar prevalence of caries among boys and girls, no statistically significant differences were found, despite the fact that quantitative (absolute and relative indicators) indicated a higher prevalence in girls than in boys.
Conclusions. The indicator of natural sanitation in children of early and preschool age decreases, the indicator of the need for sanitation of the oral cavity tends to increase with age, with a slight decrease by the age of 2 in girls; the indicator of previously sanitized children is variable in different age periods. The prevalence of caries in infants and preschool children increases as the child grows older and does not tend to decrease. A statistically significant dependence of the prevalence of caries on the age group was revealed. Absolute and relative (%) caries prevalence rates are higher in girls in all age groups and lower in boys. But statistically significant differences in the prevalence of caries in boys and girls were observed only in the age groups: 1 year and 6 years.
The prevalence of caries in infants and preschool children increases as the child grows older and does not tend to decrease. A statistically significant dependence of the prevalence of caries on the age group was revealed.
Absolute and relative (%) caries prevalence rates are higher in girls in all age groups and lower in boys. But statistically significant differences in the prevalence of caries in boys and girls were observed only in the age groups: 1 year and 6 years.

Keywords: dental status, morbidity, children of early and preschool age, prevalence of caries.

For citation: Davidian O.M., Lukianova E.A, Shimkevich E.M., Kelsina E., Aleynikov N.G., Voroshnin N., Yakubov M.I. Dental morbidity in children aged 1 to 6 years living in Moscow taking into account age and gender. Stomatology for All / Int. Dental Review. 2023, no.1(102): 38-46 (In Russian). doi: 10.35556/idr-2023-1(102)38-46

References

1. Vaganov P.D., Yanovskaya E.Yu. Mandzhieva E.Т. Periods of childhood. Medical Journal of the Russian Federation. 2018, 24(4): 185—190 (In Russain). doi http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2018-24-4-185-190
2. Berezin V.A., Saleev R.A., Startseva E.Y., Makarova N.A. Fundamentals of criteria for the effectiveness of preventive measures in dentistry. Topical issues of dentistry: Kazan State Medical University. 2021: 165—170 (In Russain).
3. Vecherkina Zh.V., Smolina A.A., Chirkova N.V., Voronova M.V. Optimization of preventive measures to prevent major dental diseases in children. System analysis and control in biomedical systems. 2018, 17(4): 1005—1009 (In Russain). doi: 10.25987/VSTU.2018.17.4.025. — EDN VNQPWW
4. Kiselnikova L.P., Dirksen M.S., Fedulova T.V. Dynamics of caries in deciduous teeth of preschool children in Moscow. Stomatology for All / Int. Dental Review. 2011, no.3(56): 58—61 (In Russian).
5. Zhurbenko V.A., Karlash A.E. Study of the prevalence and intensity of dental caries among preschool children. Regional Bulletin. 2020, 5: 17—19 (In Russain).
6. Shakovets N.V., Antonenko A.N., Zhilevich A.V., Svirskaya A. V. Evaluation of the incidence of dental caries in preschool children according to new international criteria. Modern dentistry. 2020, 2(79) (In Russain).
7. Kuzmina E.M. The role of the WHO in assessing the health of the oral cavity of the population based on the monitoring of dental morbidity. dental forum. Limited Liability Company “Forum of Stomatology”. 2015, 1: 2—4 (In Russain).
8. Voskanyan A., Ayupova F., Zobenko V., Alekseenko S. Dental status and risk factors for the deterioration of dental health based on the results of preventive examination of children in Krasnodar. Dentistry of childhood and prevention. 2017, 16(4): 64—69 (In Russain).
9. Starovoitova E.L., Antonova A.A., Strelnikova N.V. Literature review: dental caries in young children as a socially significant health problem. Far Eastern Medical Journal. 2018, 3 (In Russain).
10. Davidian O.M., Fomina A.V., Lukianova E.A., Shimkevich E.M., Bakaev J.A., Tikhonova K.O., Todua D.M. Risk factors analysis for early childhood caries. Endodontics Today. 2021, 19(4): 285—292. (In Russain ). doi: 10.36377/1683-2981-2021-19-4-285-292
11. Davidian O.M., Fomina A.V., Lukyanova E.A., Shimkevich E.M., Nazarova D.A., Kotelnikova A.P., Shilyaeva E.S. Analysis of the prevalence, intensity and features of the clinical course of caries in early childhood and preschool children based on the data of preventive medical examinations. Endodontics Today. 2021, 19(3): 153—159 (In Russain). https://doi.org/10.36377/1683-2981-2021-19-3-153-159
12. Korolenkova M.V., Arzumanyan A.P. Efficiency of fillings and standard pediatric crowns for the restoration of primary molars: data from a prospective randomized study using the “split dental arch” model. Dentistry. 2019, 98(3): 83—86. 2019, 98(3): 83—86 (In Russain). https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat20199803183
13. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy Early childhood Caries (ECC): Classifications, consequences, and Preventive Strategies. Pediatr Dent. 2008, 30 (suppl): 83.
14. Fung M.H.T., Wong M.C.M., Lo E.C.M. Early Childhood Caries: A Literature Review. Oral Hygiene & Health. 2013, 1(1): 1—7.
15. Kassebaum N.J., Bernabe E., Dahiya M., Bhandari B. et al. Global burden of untreated caries: a systematic review and metaregression. J Dent Res. 2015, 94(5): 650—658. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034515573272
16. World Health Organization et al. WHO expert consultation on public health intervention against early childhood caries: report of a meeting, Bangkok, Thailand, 26-28 January 2016. — World Health Organization, 2017. — №. WHO/NMH/PND/17.1.
17. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Policy on early childhood caries (ECC): Classifications, consequences, and preventive strategies. The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry. Chicago, Ill.: American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. 2020: 79—81.
18. Phantumvanit P., Makino Y., Ogawa H. et al. WHO global consultation on public health intervention against early childhood caries. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 2018, Jun., 46(3): 280—287.
19. Anil S., Anand P.S. Early childhood caries: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention. Frontiers in pediatrics. 2017, 5: 157. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2017.00157
20. Gorbatova M.A., Gorbatova L.N., Pastbin M.U., Grjibovski A.M. Urban-rural differences in dental caries experience among 6-year-old children in the Russian North. Rural and Remote Health. 2012, no.12: 1999. https://search.informit.org/doi/10.3316/informi
21. Ferraro M., Vieira A.R. Explaining gender differences in caries: a multifactorial approach to a multifactorial disease. Int J Dent. 2010, 2010: 649643. doi: 10.1155/2010/649643. Epub 2010 Mar 16. PMID: 20339488; PMCID: PMC2840374
22. Papadaki S. et al. Gender Differences in Caries and Periodontal Status in UK Children. medRxiv 2021.03.24.21253842. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.24.21253842
23. Kirthiga M., Murugan M., Saikia A., Kirubakaran R. Risk factors for early childhood caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case control and cohort studies. Pediatric dentistry. 2019, 41(2): 95—112.
24. Alaskandrani, Rogaia B. et al. Gender differences in caries status of the first permanent molars in Libyan children. 2021: 187—190. doi: https://doi.org/10.22271/oral.2021.v7.i3c.1300
25. Bykov V.L. Histology and embryonic development of the organs of the human oral cavity. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2014, p. 391—393 (In Russain).
26. Seminsky I. Zh. Medical genetics: basic concepts, methods, tasks (message 1). Siberian Medical Journal (Irkutsk). 2000, 23(4): 83—86 (In Russain).
27. Butvilovsky A.V., Barkovsky E.V., Karmalkova I.S. Chemical bases of demineralization and remineralization of tooth enamel. Vestniu VSMU. 2011, 1: 138—144 (In Russain).
28. Kuzmina E.M. A model for conducting an epidemiological dental survey of the population according to the criteria of the World Health Organization. Problems of standardization in health care. 2007, 6: 13—16 (In Russain).
29. Skripkina G.I., Garifullina A.Zh. Clinical examination as the main clinical approach to the prevention of dental caries in children. Dentistry. 2015, 94(5): 64—66 (In Russain). doi:10.17116/stomat201594564-66
30. Grjibovski A.M., Ivanov S.V. Cross-sectional studies in health sciences. Science & Healthcare. 2015, 2: 5—18 (In Russain).

Яндекс.Метрика