Received 09.06.2025

DOI: 10.35556/idr-2025-3(112)20-24
Genetic determinants of inflammation and tissue remodeling in chronic apical periodontitis
Bagryanceva N.V., ORCID: 0009-0008-9627-8184
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Yaroslavl State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
150000, Russia, Yaroslavl, Revolutsionnaya St., 5

E-mail address: nbogryanceva@mail.ru

Summary
Objective. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extent to which genetic determinants of inflammatory response and tissue remodeling influence the likelihood of developing chronic apical periodontitis.
Material and methods. A single-center prospective case-control study involving 200 patients was conducted: 150 with chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) and 50 healthy volunteers. The diagnosis of CAP was confirmed clinically and radiologically. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2069522 (CYP1A2), rs17884159 (TP53), rs1107946 (COL1A1) and rs17576 (MMP-9) was performed by PCR-RV using DNA-Extran 1 kits and fluorescence detection. Statistical analysis was performed in JMP Pro and Haplostats with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) analysis, with statistical significance of differences p<0.05.
Results and discussions. The study revealed the association of the studied genetic polymorphisms with CAP. For CYP1A2, decreased T/T genotype frequency in the CAP group (87 % vs. 96 % in controls) may indicate impaired xenobiotic metabolism. TP53 shows a decrease in C/C genotype (85 % vs. 94 %) and an increase in C/T/T in CAP, which is associated with impaired apoptosis. For COL1A1, the genotype distribution is similar between groups. The MMP-9 polymorphism (G/G:21 % vs. 12 %) is associated with reduced activity but paradoxically increases inflammation. HWE analysis revealed significant deviations for CYP1A2 and TP53 in controls, which may reflect the influence of external factors, and compensatory mechanisms for MMP-9.
Conclusion. The results of this study indicate a significant association of genetic variations in CYP1A2, TP53, and MMP-9 with the pathogenesis of chronic apical periodontitis, while the absence of variation for COL1A1 confirms its minor role, which justifies the need to validate the identified associations in independent cohorts and integrate them into personalized treatment approaches.

Keywords: periodontitis, gene polymorphisms, oxidative stress, personalized dentistry.

For citation: Bagryanceva N.V. Genetic determinants of inflammation and tissue remodeling in chronic apical periodontitis. Stomatology for All / Int. Dental Review. 2025; no. 3 (112): 20–24 (in Russian). doi: 10.35556/idr-2025-3(112)20-24

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