Received 04.04.2025

DOI: 10.35556/idr-2025-3(112)54-61

Evaluation of the potential use of the dental agent with betulin for the prevention of inflammatory oral diseass
Sakanyan M.G.1, ORCID: 0000-0001-8219-6358
Kosyreva T.F.1, ORCID: 0000-0003-4333-5735
Samoylova M.V.1, ORCID: 0000-0001-6771-919X
Zatevalov A.M.2, ORCID: 0000-0002-1460-4361
Zhilenkova O.G.3, ORCID: 0000-0003-3206-6648
Gudova N.V.3, ORCID: 0000-0002-9579-1102
¹ Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba
117198, Russia, Moscow, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 6
² National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation
117997, Russia, Moscow, Akademika Oparina St., 4
³ G.N. Gabrichevsky research institute for epidemiology and microbiology
125212, Russia, Moscow, Admiral Makarov St., 10

E-mail address: a_zatevalov@oparina4.ru

Summary
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a dental product containing betulin in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases by studying changes in the concentration of long-chain fatty acids, sterols and aldehydes in saliva and oral microbiocenosis.
Material and methods. The study was conducted as a prospective comparative clinical trial involving patients suffering from periodontitis and healthy volunteers. The main group included 36 patients (mean age 28 years, range from 22 to 38 years) with diagnosed periodontitis, the comparison group – 32 healthy volunteers (mean age 28 years, range from 22 to 38 years) without signs of periodontal diseases and systemic diseases.
Results and discussion. The study showed that taking a betulin-containing agent helps suppress pathogenic microflora, as evidenced by a decrease in the concentration of ateisotridecanoic, ateisopentadecanoic, ateisoheptadecanoic and ateisononadecanoic acids in saliva. Suppression of pathogenic microflora may also be associated with an increase in the concentration of octadecene aldehyde and maintaining a high concentration of isolaurinic acid. A decrease in the concentration of 2-hydroxylauric and 2-hydroxymyristic acids associated with the functional activity of indigenous microflora was noted. The effect of the agent was accompanied by a decrease in metabolism and energy exchange, as evidenced by a decrease in the concentration of heptadecanoic acid, 3-hydroxylauric and 3-hydroxymyristic acids. The increase in oxidative stress associated with the concentration of octadecene aldehyde did not reduce the barrier function of the mucous membrane when taking the product, which was confirmed by the absence of a decrease in the concentrations of unsaturated fatty acids and isolauric acid.
Conclusion. The studied dental product containing betulin selectively suppresses pathogenic microorganisms without disturbing the normal and indigenous microflora, which makes it promising for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases.

Keywords: triterpenoids, betulin, long-chain fatty acids, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry.

For citation: Sakanyan M.G., Kosyreva T.F., Samoylova M.V., Zatevalov A.M., Zhilenkova O.G., Gudova N.V. Evaluation of the potential use of the dental agent with betulin for the prevention of inflammatory oral diseass. Stomatology for All / Int. Dental Review. 2025; no. 3 (112): 54–61 (in Russian). doi: 10.35556/idr-2025-3(112)54-61

References
1. Samoylova M.V., Voropaeva E.A., Zatevalov A.M., Kosyreva T.F., Zhilenkova O.G., Tuturov N.S. et al. Prospects for expanding non-Invasive methods of analysis for screening diagnostics. Epidemiology and infectious diseases. 2024; 29, no. 3: 170–176 (in Russian).
2. Kosyreva T.F., Samoylova M.V., Voeykova O.V., Belfer M.L., Zatevalov A.M., Voropaeva E.A., Zhilenkova O.G. The effect of Astaxanthin on the adaptation of the Oral mucosa to a removable denture. Stomatology. 2022; 101, no. 1: 17–22 (in Russian).
3. Marsh P.D., Zaura E. Dental biofilm: ecological interactions in health and disease. Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2017; no. 44 (18): 12–22. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12679
4. Fedorova K.V., Gavrilova O.A., Zatevalov A.M. Prediction of changes in oral hygiene levels according to the API Index when using various orthodontic appliances. Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis. 2024; 24, no. 2: 167–175 (in Russian).
5. Belstrom D., Holmstrup P., Nielsen C.H., Kirkby N., Twetman S., Klepac-Ceraj V. Bacterial profiles of saliva in relation to diet, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic status. Journal of Oral Microbiology. 2014; no. 6 (1): 23609. doi: 10.3402/jom.v6.23609
6. Kiselnikova L.P., Toma E.I. Dynamics of key dental parameters in preschool children with caries during long-term use of a probiotic. Pediatric dentistry and dental prophylaxis. 2022; no. 22 (2): 97–102 (in Russian). doi: 10.33925/1683-3031-2022-22-2-97-102
7. Sakanyan M.G., Kosyreva T.F., Samoilova M.V. Comparative assessment of acute toxicity, wound healing and local irritant effects of dental products in vivo experiments. Stomatology for All / Int. Dental Review. 2024; no. 4 (109): 30–35 (in Russian). doi: 10.35556/idr-2024-4(109)30-35
8. Liu J. Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1995; no. 49 (2): 57–68. doi: 10.1016/0378-8741(95)90032-2
9. Yadav V.R., Prasad S., Kannappan R., Aggarwal B.B. Ursolic acid inhibits STAT3 activation pathway leading to suppression of proliferation and chemosensitization of human multiple myeloma cells. Molecular Cancer Research. 2010; no. 8 (7): 979–990. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-10-0022
10. Gao X., Deeb D., Danyluk A., Media J., Liu Y., Dulchavsky S.A., Gautam S.C. Immunomodulatory activity of synthetic triterpenoids: inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and cytokine gene expression through suppression of NF-kappaB. Immunopharmacol immunotoxicol. 2008; no. 30 (3): 581–600. doi: 10.1080/08923970802135559
11. Vorobyeva O.A., Malygina D.S., Solovyeva A.G., Belyaeva K.L., Grubova E.V., Melnikova N.B. Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of betulin derivatives. Bio-Radicals and antioxidants. 2018; no. 4: 9–20 (in Russian).
12. Samoylova M.V., Kosyreva T.F., Anurova A.E., Abramovich R.A., Mironov A.Yu., Zhilenkova O.G. et al. Assessment of oral microbiocenosis based on GC-MS determination of plasmalogen and bacterial endotoxin in oral fluid. Russian clinical laboratory diagnostics. 2019; 64, no. 3: 186–192 (in Russian).
13. Takeshita T., Kageyama S., Furuta M., Tsuboi H., Takeuchi K., Shibata Y., Yamashita Y. Bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the Hisayama Study. Scientific Reports. 2016; no. 6: 1–11. doi: 10.1038/srep22164
14. Ridlon J.M., Kang D.J., Hylemon P.B. Bile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria. Journal of Lipid Research. 2006; no. 47 (2): 241–259. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R500013-JLR200
15. Louis P., Flint H.J. Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota. Environmental Microbiology. 2017; no. 19 (1), 29–41. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13589
16. Alvarez-Sieiro P., Montalban-Lopez M., Mu D., Kuipers O.P. Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria: extending the family. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2016; no. 100 (7), 2939–2951. doi: 10.1007/s00253-016-7343-9
17. Macfarlane S., Macfarlane G.T. Regulation of short-chain fatty acid production. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. no. 62 (1): 67–72. doi: 10.1079/PNS2002207
18. Preshaw P.M., Taylor J.J. How has research into cytokine interactions and their role in driving immune responses impacted our understanding of periodontitis? Journal of Clinical Periodontology. 2011; no. 38 (11), 60–84. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01671.x
19. Osipov G.A., Parfenov A.I., Verkhovtseva N.V., Ruchkina I.N., Boyko N.B. Quantitative in situ analysis of the microbiota of the intestinal wall and feces by gas chromatography-massspectrometry. Clinical laboratory diagnostics. 2004; no. 9: 67–68 (in Russian).
20. Schauer R., Kamerling J.P. Chemistry, biochemistry, and biology of sialic acids. In Glycoscience: Biology and Medicine. 2018; 1–10. doi: 10.1007/978-4-431-54841-6_1
21. Gerard P. Metabolism of cholesterol and bile acids by the gut microbiota. Pathogens. 2014; no. 3 (1), 14–24. doi: 10.3390/pathogens3010014
22. Jones M.L., Martoni C.J., Prakash S. Cholesterol lowering and inhibition of sterol absorption by Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242: a randomized controlled trial. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2012; no. 66 (11), 1234–1241. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.126